Description:Non-destructive testing (NDT) is based on inspection methodologies that do not require the change or destruction of the component or system under evaluation. Numerous NDT techniques are increasingly used, thanks to the recent advances in sensing technologies, data acquisition, data storage and signal processing.
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The demand for new and effective methods for the evaluation, maintenance and live-time testing of objects in fields as diverse as engineering, medicine and art, continues to grow. Electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation is a process by which an object can be assessed without permanent alteration by means of inducing electric currents or magnetic fields within the object and observing the electromagnetic response.
The aim of the workshop was to provide an international forum for discussion on the state of art and perspectives in the field of electromagnetic non-destructive methods from the view of science, technology and their applications in engineering. From the demand for new effective methods of maintenance of industrial equipments and their live-time testing up to the industrial processing control or medical engineering support evokes a hard scientific and technological effort of many research, development and university institutions all over the world. So the main aim of the workshop was to bring together scientists from universities and research institutions and specialists from institutions of industrial application of electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation in order to offer the opportunity to exchange their best knowledge and experiences.
The paper deals with biomaterial electromagnetic non-destructive testing with an emphasis on real defects identification. Various modifications of eddy current testing (ECT) detection sensors will be compared and discussed from the desired detected signal characteristics points of view. Advanced magnetic sensors such as giant magneto-resistance (GMR) sensors and fluxgate sensors and probe coils are presented in the paper. These advanced sensors are characterized by their sensitivity, frequency range and sensors dimensions. The measurements for detection of stress corrosion cracks (SCC) in implants materials using magnetic sensors will be presented and their responses will be compared.
Electromagnetic non-destructive testing (NDT) systems have been used in steel strip production lines for a long time. Indirect electromagnetic determination of approximate yield and ultimate strength values can be considered state of the art. However, the excellent mechanical properties of advanced high strength steel (AHSS) are particularly sensitive to process variations. Characteristics and homogeneity of texture, grain size and secondary phase content are crucial during forming and welding of steel strips. Ultrasonic methods can be applied in order to indirectly characterize these properties. Deviations which have not been detected in the rolling mill are known to cause flaws or expensive and time-consuming downtimes of the press. The crash performance of the automotive structure is affected by these properties as well. Current in-line NDT systems determine only a subset of the required parameters and do not assess their homogeneity across the strip width. This raises the demand for NDT solutions which assess a larger set of material characteristics in multiple locations at high strip speeds. This paper describes a probe design which allows ultrasonic time-of-flight measurements as well as Micromagnetic Multi-Parameter Microstructure and Stress Analysis (3MA) using a common, minimal set of components. The implementation of a simplified yet advantageous incremental permeability and eddy current impedance analysis based on this probe type is discussed, and first results are presented.
The European project SIMPOSIUM (standing for Simulation Platform for Non Destructive Evaluation of Structures and Materials) aims at developing simulation tools adapted to the needs of industrial partners, regarding non-destructive testing and material characterization techniques. This communication presents the results obtained with two different simulation methods in the case of an eddy current inspection of pieces with complex shapes.
In this paper, the dependence of plastic deformation on nondestructive evaluation signals of nonlinear ECT (NECT) method is investigated through experiments. The test-pieces of SUS304 austenitic stainless steel are fabricated and tensile residual strains of different scales are applied to them by using a material testing machine. NECT signals of different exciting frequencies are measured, and the experimental results reveal that there are clear relationships between the plastic strains and the feature parameters of the NECT signals especially the loop area and the coercive force, which are sensitive to plastic strain at all tested excitation frequency. It can be concluded that NECT is feasible to quantitatively evaluate the plastic deformation in structures of the 304 austenitic stainless steel.
Advances in high frequency electronics, photonics and materials science as well as variety of possible applications enabled rapid development of terahertz technology in last decade. Research on reliable sources and detectors of electromagnetic waves in the terahertz range allows their application in various fields of science and technology ranging from medicine and biotechnology to pharmaceutical, chemical and material sciences. In this paper selected applications in nondestructive testing are shown, especially glass and basalt fiber-reinforced composites inspection as well as terahertz tomography.
Maturity is a non-destructive approach to testing concrete that allows you to estimate the early-age and compressive strength of in-place concrete in real-time. Adopting the maturity approach in your jobsite eliminates the need for concrete cylinder break tests, allowing you to greatly optimize your schedule.
A greater grasp of the origins, benefits, and limitations of each NDT approach is critical to the evaluation's effectiveness. Mastering a single NDT approach may not be sufficient to assure effectiveness in fixing the situation at hand. A wide range of non-destructive testing procedures is crucial in the evaluation of synthetic structures.
Monitoring the performance of ECUs and other electrical devices is very essential. This requirement is met by non-destructive X-ray testing, which images the internal architecture of computers without dismantling the equipment. Microfocus X-ray computed tomography (CT) devices, in particular, can determine three-dimensional positions of small areas of interest in automotive computers using detailed information.
Advantages - Magnetic particles can be applied wet or dry, very easy to find surface defects, portable equipment, can be used on many different weld joints, lower cost for equipment, nondestructive testing process.
Automating the inspection process will help insure weld quality, provide an opportunity to have less need for destructive testing of welds, lower scrap costs for testing, and possibly provide less post OP repair after the frame has left the production line.
Comparatively, as a non-destructive testing technique, the maturity concept is a reliable practice that can eliminate guesswork. Other onsite non-destructive methodologies in use to measure strength, such as the Schmidt Hammer or Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity techniques, are often less exact than maturity. The maturity equation is able to more accurately estimate the compressive strength of the entire structure in an objective and quantitative measurement, once the maturity curve is calculated through calibration of the concrete mix.
Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a type of testing that is used to evaluate the properties of a material, component, or system without causing damage. It is an essential tool in many industries, including the aerospace, automotive, construction, and manufacturing sectors.
There are two main types of testing that are used to evaluate the strength and integrity of materials: destructive testing and non-destructive testing. Destructive testing involves causing damage to the material in order to test its limits, while non-destructive testing allows materials to be tested without causing any damage.
Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Destructive testing is often more accurate than non-destructive testing but can only be used on a limited number of materials. Meanwhile, non-destructive testing produces less accurate results but can be used on a wider range of materials.
There are a variety of different non-destructive testing methods. Each of these techniques can be used to detect different types of defects, so it is important to choose the right one for the job. The most common NDT methods are:
Non-destructive testing has 3 levels: Level I, II and III. They indicate the level of testing certifications for inspectors, each with their own requirements. It starts from a basic command of NDT and progresses to a more advanced mastery and experience of this testing method.
Ultrasonic techniques, such as nondestructive evaluation (NDE), nondestructive inspection (NDI) and nondestructive testing (NDT), are widely used for the detection of flaws in metallic structures, as well as for the identification of local damages in structures. Each of these damage detection techniques primarily work by identifying disturbances in the wave field.
The sensors used in such testing utilize ultrasonic techniques such as pulse echo, pitch-catch and pulse-resonance methods to record various measurements. These measurements can include time of flight (TOF), path length, frequency, angle of wave reflection, angle of refraction, impedance and phase angle. Variance in these parameters caused by the structural flaws or local damages can be recorded by the sensors, thereby facilitating nondestructive evaluation. 2ff7e9595c
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